Belajar Grammar Bahasa Inggris Chapter 11 : Passive Voice

Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah suatu bentuk kalimat dimana subjek kalimat menerima aksi, bukan melakukan aksi. Tidak seperti active voice yang fokus terhadap pihak yang melakukan aksi, bentuk ini lebih berfokus kepada pihak atau objek yang menerima hasil dari suatu aksi tersebut.

Subject : Dikenai Pekerjaan
Verb : Bermakna Di/Ter
Tenses : 10 Tenses (8 Tenses Continous, 2 Continous (Present Continous, Past Continous)).
Pola Dasar : Be + Verb 3
Pola : Subject + Be + Verb 3 + By Agent / Does

Contoh :

Denis menendang bola (Active Voice)

• Denis kicks of the ball

Bola Ditendang oleh Denis (Passive Voice)

• The ball is Kicked of by Denis

Berikut tenses di Passive Voice

Syarat Passive Voice :

a. Berupa kalimat Verbal
b. Verb ordinary berupa Verb Transitive (Butuh Object)

Langkah Membuat Passive Voice :

a. Pastikan Syaratnya terpenuhi

b. Tarik Object kalimat active untuk jadi Subject pada kalimat Passive

c. Rubah tenses active jadi tenses passive

d. Tarik subject kalimat active untuk jadi By Agent pada kalimat passive

Contoh :

Active Voice : Subject + Verb + Object

Passive Voice : Subjcet + Be + Verb 3 + By Agent


Wardi washed a car (Active Voice)

• A car was washed by Wardi (Passive Voice)

Kita analisa kalimat diatas. Di bagian kalimat active voice kita lihat pola nya seperti biasa ada Subject verb dan object dengan tenses Simple past. Subject dari Av nya adalah Wardi kemudian verbnya washed lalu untuk object nya adalah A car. Kita bandingkan dengan kalimat passive, ada yang beda disana, mulai dari subjectnya, di passive subjectnya berubah menjadi A car sedangkan di Active a car adalah object, kok bisa ? bisa dong hehe, sesuai dengan langkah langkah, Subject di Active voice kita tarik kebelakang dengan menjadikannya sebagai By Agent, kemudian Object di active voice kita tarik juga ke subject Passive lalu Verb dari passive kita sesuaikan dengan pola yakni harus Be + Verb 3, di kalimat active kita lihat tidak ada anggota be maka di passive harus kita tambahkan sesuai tenses, jika tenses di active simple past maka di passive juga harus simple past, karna active simple past maka ada penambahan Was kemudian verb 3 dari wash adalah Washed. Pola sudah selesai dan kalimat passive sudah terbentuk.

Penulisan By Agent

A. Ditulis
Jika dianggap penting dan menambah informasi

Contoh :

Denis recites Al-Quran

• Al-Quran is Recited by Denis

B. Tidak Ditulis
Jika dianggap tidak penting dan tidak menambah informasi.

Jenis :
1. Berupa indefinite Pronoun

Contoh :

Someone is looking for you

• You are looked for (Someone) (Someone boleh tidak ditulis)

2. Sudah diketahui oleh khalayak umum

Contoh :

The government built Monas

• Monas was bulit (By the government)

3. Berupa Profesi dari Verb

Contoh :

The pilot flies a plane

• The Plane is flown (by Pilot)

Kalimat Yang Tidak Bisa Passive

1. Berupa Kalimat Nominal

Contoh :

Rico is a soldier (Kalimat Nominal)

2. Verb Ordinary Berupa Intransitive (Tidak Butuh Object)

Contoh :

Santos sleeps in the class (Sleep tidak butuh object)

3. Verb Ordinary Berupa Transitive Tertentu

Anggota :

Catatan :

Untuk have secara makna bisa di passive kan dengan cara diganti dengan Belong to

Contoh :

The child lacks vitamin (Tidak bisa di passive kan)

Ical has a new car
A new car belongs to ical (Pola nya active tapi makna nya passive)

4. Terdapat Cognate Object
Cognate object adalah object turunan dari verb

Anggota :

Catatan : Makna Cognate Object sama dengan Adverb

Contoh :
Santos sleeps a sound sleep (Tidak bisa di passivekan)

Varian in Passive Voice

A. Varian Modal

1. Modal Murni

Anggota: Can, will, must, should, shall, may, might.

Jenis :

Modal Simple

Pola :

Subject + Modal + Verb 1 (Active)

Subject + Modal + Be + Verb 3 + By Agent

Contoh :

Tomorrow santos will visit ira

• Ira will be visited by santos tomorrow

Modal Perfect

Pola :

Subject + Modal + have + Verb 3 (Active)

Subject + Modal + Have + Been + Verb 3 + By Agent (Passive)

Contoh :

Santos must have called luna last tonight

• Luna must have been called by santos tonight

2. SEOM (Similiar Expression Of Modal)

Anggota :

Pola :

Subject + SEOM + Verb 1 (Active)

Subject + SEOM + Be + Verb 3 + By Agent (Passive)

Contoh :

Santos is able to buy the Bike (Active)

• The bike is able to be bought by Santos (Passive)

B. Variasi Ditransitive Verb
Yakni verb yang memiliki dua object

Pola :

Contoh :

Santos brings a flower for christin

• Santos brings christin a flower
• A flower is bought for christin by santos
• Christin is bought a flower by Santos

C. Variasi Question

1. Yes/No Question
Berpola inversi antara subject dan auxiliary pertama

Pola :

[?] Verb Auxiliary + Subject + Verb 3 + By Agent ?

[-?] Verb auxiliary + Subject + Not + Verb 3 + By Agent ?

Contoh :

[+] The flower is being watered by Santos

[?] Is the flower being watered by Santos ?

[-?] Is the flower not being watered by Santos ?

2. Information Question

Jenis :
a. Menanyakan Seluruh Subject
Question wordnya : What/Who

Catatan : Verb auxiliary selalu singular

Pola :
Question Word + Verb aux + Verb 3 + By Agent

Contoh :

The men have been helped by me

• Who has helped by me ?

The fish was eaten by the cat

• What was eaten by the cat ?

b. Menanyakan Selain Subject
Question Wordnya : Whose, which, how many, how much.

Catatan : Jika menggunakan how many maka noun dan verb aux nya harus plural

Pola :
Question Word + Noun + Verb 3 + By Agent ?

Contoh :

A nice girl was looked at by a man

• How many a nice girls were looked by a man ?
• Which girl was looked by a man ?

c. Menanyakan Verb
Question Wordnya : What

Catatan :

Hilangkan Subject

Verb aux berupa singular

Ganti Verb Ordinary menjadi kata Done

Pola :
Question Word + Verb Aux + Verb ord + By Agent

Contoh :

The dutties are being finished by my girlfriend

• What is being done by my girlfriend ?

My house has been sold by my mother

• Whose house has been sold by my mother ?
• What has been sold by my mother ?
• What has been done by my mother ?

d. Menanyakan Adverb
Question Word nya : Where, when why, how

Catatan : terdapat iversi (Pola bolak balik)

Pola : QW + Verb aux + Subject + Verb 3 + By Agent ?

Contoh :

The diamond was stolen by the robber last night

• When was the diamond stolen by the robber ?

e. Menanyakan By Agent
Question Wordnya : What/Whom

Catatan : Terdapat inversi

Pola :
Question Word + Verb aux + Subject + Verb 3 + By ?

Contoh :

The wagon is pulled by 2 cows

• What is the wagon pulled by ?
• By what is the wagon pulled ?

The window is broken by the child

• Whom is the window broken by ?
• By whom is the window broken ?

Untuk materi Passive voice sudah selesai, ada satu materi passive tapi nanti akan saya khusus kan di postingan berikutnya. Terima kasih sudah berkunjung di blog ini. See you papay.